“Passatāraññake bhikkhū,
ajjhogāḷhe dhute guṇe;
Puna passati gihī rājā,
anāgāmiphale ṭhite.

Ubhopi te viloketvā,
uppajji saṃsayo mahā;
Bujjheyya ce gihī dhamme,
dhutaṅgaṃ nipphalaṃ siyā.

­Paravā­di­vāda­matha­naṃ,
nipuṇaṃ piṭakattaye;
Handa pucche kathiseṭṭhaṃ,
so me kaṅkhaṃ vinessatī”ti.

Atha kho milindo rājā yenāyasmā nāgaseno tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ nāgasenaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi, ekamantaṃ nisinno kho milindo rājā āyasmantaṃ nāgasenaṃ etadavoca—“bhante nāgasena, atthi koci gihī agāriko kāmabhogī putta­dāra­sambā­dha­sayanaṃ ajjhāvasanto kāsikacandanaṃ paccanubhonto mālā­gandha­vi­lepa­naṃ dhārayanto jāta­rūpa­rajataṃ sādiyanto maṇi­muttā­kañ­cana­vicit­ta­moḷi­baddho yena santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikatan”ti?

“Na, mahārāja, ekaññeva sataṃ na dve satāni na tīṇi cattāri pañca satāni na sahassaṃ na satasahassaṃ na koṭisataṃ na koṭisahassaṃ na koṭi­sata­sahas­saṃ, tiṭṭhatu, mahārāja, dasannaṃ vīsatiyā satassa sahassassa abhisamayo, katamena te pariyāyena anuyogaṃ dammī”ti.

“Tvamevetaṃ brūhī”ti. “Tena hi te, mahārāja, kathayissāmi satena vā sahassena vā satasahassena vā koṭiyā vā koṭisatena vā koṭisahassena vā koṭi­sata­sahas­sena vā, yā kāci navaṅge buddhavacane sal­lekhi­tācārap­paṭi­patti­dhuta­va­raṅga­guṇa­nissitā kathā, tā sabbā idha samosarissanti. Yathā, mahārāja, nin­nunnata­samavi­sama­tha­lātha­ladesa­bhāge abhivuṭṭhaṃ udakaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ tato vinigaḷitvā mahodadhiṃ sāgaraṃ samosarati; evameva kho, mahārāja, sampādake sati yā kāci navaṅge buddhavacane sal­lekhi­tācārap­paṭi­patti­dhutaṅ­ga­guṇa­dhara­nis­sitā kathā, tā sabbā idha samosarissanti.

Mayhampettha, mahārāja, paribyattatāya buddhiyā kāraṇa­pari­dīpa­naṃ samosarissati, teneso attho suvibhatto vicitto paripuṇṇo parisuddho samānīto bhavissati. Yathā, mahārāja, kusalo lekhācariyo anusiṭṭho lekhaṃ osārento attano byattatāya buddhiyā kāraṇa­pari­dīpa­nena lekhaṃ paripūreti, evaṃ sā lekhā samattā paripuṇṇā anūnikā bhavissati. Evameva mayhampettha paribyattatāya buddhiyā kāraṇa­pari­dīpa­naṃ samosarissati, teneso attho suvibhatto vicitto paripuṇṇo parisuddho samānīto bhavissati.

Nagare, mahārāja, sāvatthiyā pañcakoṭimattā ariyasāvakā bhagavato upāsa­ka­u­pāsi­kāyo satta­paṇṇā­sa­sahas­sāni tīṇi ca satasahassāni anāgāmiphale patiṭṭhitā, te sabbepi gihīyeva, na pabbajitā. Puna tattheva kaṇḍambamūle yamaka­pā­ṭihā­riye vīsati pāṇakoṭiyo abhisamiṃsu, puna cūḷarāhulovāde, mahā­maṅga­la­suttante, sama­citta­pariyāye, parābha­va­suttante, purā­bheda­suttante, kalaha­vivāda­suttante, cūḷab­yūha­suttante, mahāb­yūha­suttante, tuvaṭaka­suttante, sāri­putta­suttante gaṇana­patha­ma­tī­tānaṃ devatānaṃ dhammā­bhisa­mayo ahosi.

Nagare rājagahe paññā­sa­sahas­sāni tīṇi ca satasahassāni ariyasāvakā bhagavato upāsa­ka­u­pāsi­kāyo, puna tattheva dhana­pāla­hatthi­nāga­damane navuti pāṇakoṭiyo, pārā­yana­sa­māgame pāsāṇakacetiye cuddasa pāṇakoṭiyo, puna indasā­la­guhā­yaṃ asīti devatākoṭiyo, puna bārāṇasiyaṃ isipatane migadāye paṭhame dhammadesane aṭṭhārasa brahmakoṭiyo aparimāṇā ca devatāyo, puna tāvatiṃ­sa­bhavane ­paṇḍukam­bala­silā­yaṃ abhi­dhamma­desanāya asīti devatākoṭiyo, devorohaṇe ­saṅkas­sa­nagarad­vāre loka­vivara­ṇa­pā­ṭihā­riye pasannānaṃ naramarūnaṃ tiṃsa koṭiyo abhisamiṃsu.

Puna sakkesu kapila­vatthus­miṃ nigrodhārāme buddha­vaṃ­sadesa­nāya mahāsama­ya­suttan­ta­desanāya ca gaṇana­patha­ma­tī­tānaṃ devatānaṃ dhammā­bhisa­mayo ahosi. Puna sumana­mālā­kā­rasamā­game, garaha­din­nasamā­game, ānanda­seṭṭhi­sa­māgame, jambu­kā­jīvaka­sa­māgame, ­maṇḍu­ka­de­vaput­ta­sa­māgame, maṭṭha­kuṇḍa­li­de­vaput­ta­sa­māgame, sulasā­nagara­sobhi­ni­sa­māgame, sirimā­nagara­sobhi­ni­sa­māgame, pesakā­ra­dhī­tusa­māgame, cūḷasubhad­dāsamā­game, sāketab­rāhma­ṇassa āḷāha­na­dassa­na­sa­māgame, sūnāparan­ta­kasamā­game, sakka­pañha­sa­māgame, tiro­kuṭṭasa­māgame, ratana­suttasa­māgame paccekaṃ caturāsītiyā pāṇasahassānaṃ dhammā­bhisa­mayo ahosi, yāvatā, mahārāja, bhagavā loke aṭṭhāsi, tāva tīsu maṇḍalesu soḷasasu mahājanapadesu yattha yattha bhagavā vihāsi, tattha tattha yebhuyyena dve tayo cattāro pañca sataṃ sahassaṃ satasahassaṃ devā ca manussā ca santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikariṃsu. Ye te, mahārāja, devā gihīyeva, na te pabbajitā, etāni ceva, mahārāja, aññāni ca anekāni devatā­koṭi­sata­sahas­sāni gihī agārikā kāmabhogino santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikariṃsū”ti.

“Yadi, bhante nāgasena, gihī agārikā kāmabhogino santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikaronti, atha imāni dhutaṅgāni kimatthaṃ sādhenti, tena kāraṇena dhutaṅgāni akiccakarāni honti. Yadi, bhante nāgasena, vinā mantosadhehi byādhayo vūpasamanti, kiṃ vamana­vi­recanā­dinā sarīra­dubba­la­kara­ṇena? Yadi muṭṭhīhi paṭi­sattu­nig­gaho bhavati, kiṃ asi­satti­sara­dhanu­ko­daṇḍa­laguḷa­mugga­rehi? Yadi gaṇṭhi­kuṭila­susira­kaṇṭa­latā­sā­khā ālambitvā rukkha­mabhirū­hanaṃ bhavati, kiṃ dīgha­daḷha­nisseṇi­pari­yesa­nena? Yadi ­thaṇ­ḍila­seyyāya dhātusamatā bhavati, kiṃ sukha­samphas­sa­mahati­mahā­sirisa­yana­pari­yesa­nena? Yadi ekako sāsaṅ­ka­sap­pa­ṭibha­ya­visama­kantā­ra­taraṇa­samat­tho bhavati, kiṃ sannad­dha­sajja­mahati­mahā­sattha­pari­yesa­nena? Yadi nadisaraṃ bāhunā tarituṃ samattho bhavati, kiṃ dhuva­setu­nāvāpa­ri­yesa­nena? Yadi sakasantakena ghāsacchādanaṃ kātuṃ pahoti, kiṃ parūpa­seva­na­piya­samul­lāpa­pacchā­pure­dhāva­nena? Yadi akhātataḷāke udakaṃ labhati, kiṃ uda­pāna­taḷāka­pok­kha­ra­ṇi­kha­ṇa­nena? Evameva kho, bhante nāgasena, yadi gihī agārikā kāmabhogino santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikaronti, kiṃ dhuta­guṇava­rasa­mādiya­nenā”ti?

“Aṭṭhavīsati kho panime, mahārāja, dhutaṅgaguṇā yathā­bhucca­guṇā, yehi guṇehi dhutaṅgāni sabbabuddhānaṃ pihayitāni patthitāni. Katame aṭṭhavīsati? Idha, mahārāja, dhutaṅgaṃ suddhājīvaṃ sukhaphalaṃ anavajjaṃ na para­duk­khā­panaṃ abhayaṃ asampīḷanaṃ ekanta­vaḍ­ḍhi­kaṃ aparihāniyaṃ amāyaṃ ārakkhā patthitadadaṃ sabba­satta­damanaṃ saṃvarahitaṃ patirūpaṃ anissitaṃ vippamuttaṃ rāgakkhayaṃ dosakkhayaṃ mohakkhayaṃ mānappahānaṃ kuvitak­kac­cheda­naṃ kaṅ­khā­vitara­ṇaṃ kosaj­ja­viddhaṃ­sanaṃ aratippahānaṃ khamanaṃ atulaṃ appamāṇaṃ sabba­duk­khak­kha­ya­gamanaṃ, ime kho, mahārāja, aṭṭhavīsati dhutaṅgaguṇā yathā­bhucca­guṇā yehi guṇehi dhutaṅgāni sabbabuddhānaṃ pihayitāni patthitāni.

Ye kho te, mahārāja, dhutaguṇe sammā upasevanti, te aṭṭhārasahi guṇehi samupetā bhavanti. Katamehi aṭṭhārasahi? Ācāro tesaṃ suvisuddho hoti, paṭipadā supūritā hoti, kāyikaṃ vācasikaṃ surakkhitaṃ hoti, manosamācāro suvisuddho hoti, vīriyaṃ supaggahitaṃ hoti, bhayaṃ vūpasammati, attānu­diṭṭhib­yapagatā hoti, āghāto uparato hoti, mettā upaṭṭhitā hoti, āhāro pariññāto hoti, sabbasattānaṃ garukato hoti, bhojane mattaññū hoti, jāgari­ya­manu­yutto hoti, aniketo hoti, yattha phāsu tattha vihārī hoti, pāpajegucchī hoti, vivekārāmo hoti, satataṃ appamatto hoti, ye te, mahārāja, dhutaguṇe sammā upasevanti, te imehi aṭṭhārasahi guṇehi samupetā bhavanti.

Dasa ime, mahārāja, puggalā dhutaguṇārahā. Katame dasa? Saddho hoti hirimā dhitimā akuho atthavasī alolo sikkhākāmo daḷhasamādāno anuj­jhā­na­bahulo mettāvihārī, ime kho, mahārāja, dasa puggalā dhutaguṇārahā.

Ye te, mahārāja, gihī agārikā kāmabhogino santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikaronti, sabbe te purimāsu jātīsu terasasu dhutaguṇesu katūpāsanā katabhūmikammā, te tattha cārañca paṭipattiñca sodhayitvā ajjetarahi gihīyeva santā santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikaronti.

Yathā, mahārāja, kusalo issāso antevāsike paṭhamaṃ tāva upāsanasālāyaṃ cāpa­bhe­da­cā­pā­ropa­nag­gaha­ṇa­muṭṭhip­paṭi­pīḷa­na­aṅguli­vināma­na­pāda­ṭhapa­na­saragga­haṇa­sanna­ha­na­ā­kaḍḍha­na­sandhā­raṇa­lak­kha­niyama­na­khipane tiṇa­purisa­ka­cha­kaṇa­tiṇa­palā­lamat­tikā­puñ­japhala­ka­lak­kha­vedhe anusikkhāpetvā rañño santike upāsanaṃ ārādhayitvā ājañña­ratha­gaja­turaṅ­ga­dhana­dhañña­hirañ­ña­suvaṇ­ṇa­dāsi­dāsa­bhari­ya­gāma­varaṃ labhati; evameva kho, mahārāja, ye te gihī agārikā kāmabhogino santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikaronti, te sabbe purimāsu jātīsu terasasu dhutaguṇesu katūpāsanā katabhūmikammā, te tattheva cārañca paṭipattiñca sodhayitvā ajjetarahi gihīyeva santā santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikaronti. Na, mahārāja, dhutaguṇesu pubbāsevanaṃ vinā ekissāyeva jātiyā arahattaṃ sacchikiriyā hoti, uttamena pana vīriyena uttamāya paṭipattiyā tathārūpena ācariyena kalyāṇamittena arahattaṃ sacchikiriyā hoti.

Yathā vā pana, mahārāja, bhisakko sallakatto ācariyaṃ dhanena vā vattap­paṭi­pattiyā vā ārādhetvā satthag­gahaṇa­cheda­na­lekha­na­ve­dhana­sal­luddha­ra­ṇa­vaṇa­dho­va­na­sosana­bhesaj­jānu­lim­pa­na­vamana­vire­ca­nānu­vāsa­na­kiriya­manu­sikkhitvā vijjāsu katasikkho katūpāsano katahattho āture upasaṅkamati tikicchāya; evameva kho, mahārāja, ye te gihī agārikā kāmabhogino santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikaronti, te sabbe purimāsu jātīsu terasasu dhutaguṇesu katūpāsanā katabhūmikammā, te tattheva cārañca paṭipattiñca sodhayitvā ajjetarahi gihīyeva santā santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikaronti, na, mahārāja, dhutaguṇehi avisuddhānaṃ dhammā­bhisa­mayo hoti.

Yathā, mahārāja, udakassa asecanena bījānaṃ avirūhanaṃ hoti; evameva kho, mahārāja, dhutaguṇehi avisuddhānaṃ dhammā­bhisa­mayo na hoti.

Yathā vā pana, mahārāja, akatakusalānaṃ akatakal­yāṇā­naṃ sugatigamanaṃ na hoti; evameva kho, mahārāja, dhutaguṇehi avisuddhānaṃ dhammā­bhisa­mayo na hoti.

Pathavisamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visud­dhi­kā­mānaṃ patiṭ­ṭhā­naṭ­ṭhena.

Āposamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visud­dhi­kā­mānaṃ sabba­kilesa­mala­dho­va­naṭ­ṭhena.

Tejosamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visud­dhi­kā­mānaṃ sabba­kilesa­va­naj­jhāpa­naṭ­ṭhena.

Vāyosamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visud­dhi­kā­mānaṃ sabba­kile­samala­rajo­pavāha­naṭ­ṭhena.

Agadasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visud­dhi­kā­mānaṃ sabba­kilesab­yādhi­vū­pasa­ma­naṭ­ṭhena.

Amatasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visud­dhi­kā­mānaṃ sabba­kilesa­vi­sa­nāsa­naṭ­ṭhena.

Khettasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visud­dhi­kā­mānaṃ sabba­sāmañ­ña­gu­ṇasas­sa­vi­rūha­naṭ­ṭhena.

Manoharasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visud­dhi­kā­mānaṃ ­patthi­ticchi­ta­sabba­sam­patti­varada­daṭ­ṭhena.

Nāvāsamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visud­dhi­kā­mānaṃ ­saṃsā­ra­ma­haṇṇa­va­pā­ragama­naṭ­ṭhena.

Bhīrut­tāṇa­samaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visud­dhi­kā­mānaṃ ­jarāma­ra­ṇabhītā­naṃ assāsa­ka­raṇaṭ­ṭhena.

Mātusamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visud­dhi­kā­mānaṃ kilesa­duk­khap­paṭi­pīḷitā­naṃ anuggā­ha­kaṭ­ṭhena.

Pitusamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visud­dhi­kā­mānaṃ kusa­la­vaḍ­ḍhi­kā­mānaṃ sabba­sāmañ­ña­guṇa­janakaṭ­ṭhena.

Mittasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visud­dhi­kā­mānaṃ sabba­sāmañ­ña­guṇa­pari­yesana­a­visaṃ­vāda­kaṭ­ṭhena.

Padumasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visud­dhi­kā­mānaṃ sabba­kilesa­malehi anupa­littaṭ­ṭhena.

Catuj­jāti­yavara­gandha­samaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visud­dhi­kā­mānaṃ kilesa­duggan­dha­paṭi­vinoda­naṭ­ṭhena.

Giri­rāja­va­rasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visud­dhi­kā­mānaṃ aṭṭha­lo­ka­dham­ma­vātehi akampiyaṭṭhena.

Ākāsasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visud­dhi­kā­mānaṃ sabbattha gaha­ṇāpaga­ta­uru­visa­ṭa­vittha­ta­mahan­taṭ­ṭhena.

Nadīsamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visud­dhi­kā­mānaṃ kile­samala­pavāha­naṭ­ṭhena.

Sudesakasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visud­dhi­kā­mānaṃ jāti­kantā­ra­kilesa­vana­gaha­na­nittha­raṇaṭ­ṭhena.

Mahā­sattha­vāha­samaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visud­dhi­kā­mānaṃ sab­babhaya­suñña­khema­abhaya­vara­pavara­nib­bā­na­nagara­sam­pāpa­naṭ­ṭhena.

Sumajji­ta­vimalā­dā­sasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visud­dhi­kā­mānaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ sabhā­va­dassa­naṭ­ṭhena.

Phalakasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visud­dhi­kā­mānaṃ kilesa­laguḷa­sarasat­ti­paṭi­bāha­naṭ­ṭhena.

Chattasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visud­dhi­kā­mānaṃ kilesa­vassa­ti­vidhag­gi­santā­pā­ta­papaṭi­bāha­naṭ­ṭhena.

Candasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visud­dhi­kā­mānaṃ pihayi­ta­patthi­taṭ­ṭhena.

Sūriyasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visud­dhi­kā­mānaṃ ­mohata­ma­timi­ra­nāsa­naṭ­ṭhena.

Sāgarasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visud­dhi­kā­mānaṃ aneka­vidha­sāmañ­ña­gu­ṇava­rara­tanuṭ­ṭhānaṭ­ṭhena, apari­mita­asaṅ­khyeyya­appa­meyyaṭ­ṭhena ca.

Evaṃ kho, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visud­dhi­kā­mānaṃ bahūpakāraṃ sabba­dara­tha­pari­ḷāha­nudaṃ aratinudaṃ bhayanudaṃ bhavanudaṃ khīlanudaṃ malanudaṃ sokanudaṃ dukkhanudaṃ rāganudaṃ dosanudaṃ mohanudaṃ mānanudaṃ diṭṭhinudaṃ sabbā­kusala­dhamma­nudaṃ yasāvahaṃ hitāvahaṃ sukhāvahaṃ phāsukaraṃ pītikaraṃ yogak­khema­karaṃ anavajjaṃ iṭṭha­su­kha­vipākaṃ guṇa­rāsi­guṇa­puñja­a­pari­mita­asaṅ­khyeyya­appa­meyya­guṇaṃ varaṃ pavaraṃ aggaṃ.

Yathā, mahārāja, manussā upattham­bha­vasena bhojanaṃ upasevanti, hitavasena bhesajjaṃ upasevanti, upakāravasena mittaṃ upasevanti, tāraṇavasena nāvaṃ upasevanti, sugandhavasena mālāgandhaṃ upasevanti, abhayavasena bhīruttāṇaṃ upasevanti, patiṭṭhāvasena pathaviṃ upasevanti, sippavasena ācariyaṃ upasevanti, yasavasena rājānaṃ upasevanti, kāmadadavasena maṇiratanaṃ upasevanti; evameva kho, mahārāja, sabba­sāmañ­ña­gu­ṇada­dava­sena ariyā dhutaguṇaṃ upasevanti.

Yathā vā pana, mahārāja, udakaṃ bījavirūhanāya, aggi jhāpanāya, āhāro balāharaṇāya, latā bandhanāya, satthaṃ chedanāya, pānīyaṃ pipāsā­vinaya­nāya, nidhi assāsakaraṇāya, nāvā tīra­sam­pāpa­nāya, bhesajjaṃ byādhi­vū­pasa­ma­nāya, yānaṃ sukhagamanāya, bhīruttāṇaṃ bhaya­vinoda­nāya, rājā ārakkhatthāya, phalakaṃ daṇḍa­leḍḍu­laguḷa­sarasat­ti­paṭi­bāha­nāya, ācariyo anusāsanāya, mātā posanāya, ādāso olokanāya, alaṅkāro sobhanāya, vatthaṃ paṭicchādanāya, nisseṇī ārohanāya, tulā visa­mavik­khepa­nāya, mantaṃ parijappanāya, āvudhaṃ tajja­nī­ya­paṭi­bāha­nāya, padīpo andha­kā­ra­vi­dhama­nāya, vāto pari­ḷāha­nib­bāpa­nāya, sippaṃ vutti­nip­phāda­nāya, agadaṃ jīvita­rak­kha­ṇāya, ākaro rata­nuppāda­nāya, ratanaṃ alaṅkarāya, āṇā anatikkamanāya, issariyaṃ vasavattanāya; evameva kho, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ sāmañ­ña­bīja­vi­rūha­nāya, kilesa­mala­jhāpa­nāya, iddhi­balā­haraṇāya, sati­saṃ­vara­ni­ban­dha­nāya, vimati­vici­kicchā­samuc­cheda­nāya, taṇhā­pipāsā­vinaya­nāya, abhisa­maya­assāsa­ka­raṇāya, catu­rogha­nittha­raṇāya, kilesab­yādhi­vū­pasa­māya, nib­bā­na­su­khap­paṭi­lābhāya, jāti­jarāb­yādhi­maraṇa­soka­pari­deva­duk­kha­do­manas­supāyā­sa­bhaya­vinoda­nāya, sāmañ­ña­guṇa­pari­rak­kha­ṇāya, arati­ku­vitak­ka­paṭi­bāha­nāya, sakala­sāmañ­ñat­thānu­sāsa­nāya, sabba­sāmañ­ña­guṇa­posanāya, sama­tha­vi­passa­nā­magga­phala­nibbā­na­dassa­nāya, sakala­loka­thuta­thomita­mahati­ma­hā­sobha­na­karaṇāya, sabbā­pāya­pi­daha­nāya, sāmaññat­tha­sela­sikha­ra­muddhani abhirūhanāya, vaṅ­ka­kuṭi­la­visama­citta­vikkhepa­nāya, sevitab­bā­sevitab­ba­dhamme sādhu­saj­jhā­ya­ka­raṇāya, sabba­kile­sapaṭi­sattu­tajja­nāya, avij­jandha­kā­ra­vi­dhama­nāya, tividhag­gi­santā­pa­pari­ḷāha­nib­bāpa­nāya, saṇha­su­khuma­santa­sa­māpat­ti­nip­phāda­nāya, sakala­sāmañ­ña­guṇa­pari­rak­kha­ṇāya, boj­jhaṅ­ga­vara­ra­ta­nuppāda­nāya, yogi­ja­nā­laṅka­ra­ṇāya, anavajja­nipuṇa­su­khuma­santi­su­kha­ma­na­tikka­manāya, sakala­sāmañ­ña­ariya­dhamma­va­sa­vatta­nāya. Iti, mahārāja, imesaṃ guṇānaṃ adhigamāya yadidaṃ ekamekaṃ dhutaguṇaṃ, evaṃ, mahārāja, atuliyaṃ dhutaguṇaṃ appameyyaṃ asamaṃ appaṭisamaṃ appaṭibhāgaṃ appaṭiseṭṭhaṃ uttaraṃ seṭṭhaṃ visiṭṭhaṃ adhikaṃ āyataṃ puthulaṃ visaṭaṃ vitthataṃ garukaṃ bhāriyaṃ mahantaṃ.

Yo kho, mahārāja, puggalo pāpiccho icchāpakato kuhako luddho odariko lābhakāmo yasakāmo kittikāmo ayutto appatto ananucchaviko anaraho appatirūpo dhutaṅgaṃ samādiyati, so diguṇaṃ daṇḍamāpajjati, sabba­gu­ṇaghāta­mā­pajjati, diṭṭha­dham­mikaṃ hīḷanaṃ khīḷanaṃ garahanaṃ uppaṇḍanaṃ khipanaṃ asambhogaṃ nissāraṇaṃ nicchubhanaṃ pavāhanaṃ pabbājanaṃ paṭilabhati, samparāyepi satayojanike avīci­mahāni­raye uṇha­ka­ṭhi­ta­tatta­santat­ta­acci­jā­lāmālake aneka­vassa­koṭi­sata­sahas­sāni uddhamadho tiriyaṃ pheṇuddehakaṃ sam­pari­vatta­kaṃ paccati, tato muccitvā kisa­pharu­sa­kā­ḷaṅ­gapaccaṅgo sūnud­dhumā­ta­susi­ruttamaṅgo chāto pipāsito visama­bhī­marūpa­vaṇṇo bhagga­kaṇṇa­soto ummī­lita­nimīlita­net­tanayano aru­gatta­pakka­gatto pula­vākiṇṇa­sabba­kāyo vātamukhe jalamāno viya aggikkhandho anto jalamāno pajjalamāno atāṇo asaraṇo āruṇṇa­ruṇṇa­kāruñ­ña­ravaṃ paridevamāno nij­jhāma­taṇ­hiko samaṇamahāpeto hutvā āhiṇḍamāno mahiyā aṭṭassaraṃ karoti.

Yathā, mahārāja, koci ayutto appatto ananucchaviko anaraho appatirūpo hīno kujātiko khat­tiyā­bhi­sekena abhisiñcati, so labhati hatthacchedaṃ pādacchedaṃ ­hattha­pādac­chedaṃ kaṇṇacchedaṃ nāsacchedaṃ ­kaṇṇanā­sac­chedaṃ bilaṅ­ga­thāli­kaṃ saṅkhamuṇḍikaṃ rāhumukhaṃ jotimālikaṃ hattha­pajjo­tikaṃ erakavattikaṃ cīrakavāsikaṃ eṇeyyakaṃ baḷisamaṃsikaṃ kahāpaṇakaṃ khā­rā­pa­tacchi­kaṃ pali­gha­pari­vatti­kaṃ palālapīṭhakaṃ tattena telena osiñcanaṃ sunakhehi khādāpanaṃ jīva­sūlā­ropa­naṃ asinā sīsacchedaṃ anekavihitampi kammakāraṇaṃ anubhavati. Kiṃ kāraṇā? Ayutto appatto ananucchaviko anaraho appatirūpo hīno kujātiko mahante issariye ṭhāne attānaṃ ṭhapesi, velaṃ ghātesi. Evameva kho, mahārāja, yo koci puggalo pāpiccho … pe … mahiyā aṭṭassaraṃ karoti.

Yo pana, mahārāja, puggalo yutto patto anucchaviko araho patirūpo appiccho santuṭṭho pavivitto asaṃsaṭṭho āraddhavīriyo pahitatto asaṭho amāyo anodariko alābhakāmo ayasakāmo akittikāmo saddho saddhā­pabba­jito jarāmaraṇā muccitukāmo ‘sāsanaṃ paggaṇhissāmī’ti dhutaṅgaṃ samādiyati, so diguṇaṃ pūjaṃ arahati devānañca piyo hoti manāpo pihayito patthito, jāti­sumana­mal­likā­dīnaṃ viya pupphaṃ nahā­tānu­littassa, jighacchitassa viya paṇītabhojanaṃ, pipāsitassa viya sītala­vimala­sura­bhi­pānīyaṃ, visagatassa viya osadhavaraṃ, sīghagama­na­kāmassa viya ājañña­ra­thava­ruttamaṃ, atthakāmassa viya mano­hara­ma­ṇirata­naṃ, abhisiñ­ci­tu­kāmassa viya ­paṇḍa­ra­vimala­se­tacchat­taṃ, dhammakāmassa viya arahat­ta­phalā­dhi­gama­ma­nutta­raṃ. Tassa cattāro satipaṭṭhānā bhāva­nā­pāri­pūriṃ gacchanti, cattāro sammappadhānā cattāro iddhipādā pañcindriyāni pañca balāni satta bojjhaṅgā ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo bhāva­nā­pāri­pūriṃ gacchati, sama­tha­vi­passanā adhigacchati, adhi­gamap­paṭi­patti pariṇamati, cattāri sāmaññaphalāni catasso paṭisambhidā tisso vijjā chaḷabhiññā kevalo ca samaṇadhammo sabbe tassādheyyā honti, vimutti­paṇḍa­ra­vimala­se­tacchat­tena abhisiñcati.

Yathā, mahārāja, rañño khattiyassa abhi­jāta­kula­kulīnassa khat­tiyā­bhi­sekena abhisittassa paricaranti saraṭṭha­negama­jāna­pada­bhaṭa­balā aṭṭhattiṃsā ca rājaparisā naṭanaccakā mukhamaṅgalikā sotthivācakā samaṇab­rāhma­ṇa­sabba­pāsaṇ­ḍa­gaṇā abhigacchanti, yaṃ kiñci pathaviyā paṭṭa­na­ratanā­kara­nagara­suṅ­kaṭṭhā­na­ve­rajja­ka­chej­ja­bhej­ja­jana­manu­sāsa­naṃ sabbattha sāmiko bhavati; evameva kho, mahārāja, yo koci puggalo yutto patto … pe … vimutti­paṇḍa­ra­vimala­se­tacchat­tena abhisiñcati.

Terasimāni, mahārāja, dhutaṅgāni, yehi suddhikato nib­bā­na­ma­hāsa­muddaṃ pavisitvā bahuvidhaṃ dhamma­kīḷa­mabhi­kīḷati, rūpārūpa­aṭṭha­samā­pattiyo vaḷañjeti, iddhividhaṃ dibba­sota­dhātuṃ para­citta­vijāna­naṃ pubbe­nivāsā­nus­satiṃ dibbacakkhuṃ sab­bāsa­vak­kha­yañca pāpuṇāti. Katame terasa? Paṃsu­kūlikaṅ­gaṃ tecīvarikaṅgaṃ piṇ­ḍapāti­kaṅ­gaṃ ­sapadā­na­cārikaṅ­gaṃ ekāsanikaṅgaṃ patta­piṇḍi­kaṅ­gaṃ kha­lu­pacchā­bhatti­kaṅ­gaṃ āraññikaṅgaṃ rukkha­mūlikaṅ­gaṃ abbho­kāsi­kaṅ­gaṃ sosānikaṅgaṃ yathā­san­tha­ti­kaṅgaṃ nesajjikaṅgaṃ, imehi kho, mahārāja, terasahi dhutaguṇehi pubbe āsevitehi nisevitehi ciṇṇehi pariciṇṇehi caritehi upacaritehi paripūritehi kevalaṃ sāmaññaṃ paṭilabhati, tassādheyyā honti kevalā santā sukhā samāpattiyo.

Yathā, mahārāja, sadhano nāviko paṭṭane suṭṭhu katasuṅko mahāsamuddaṃ pavisitvā vaṅgaṃ takkolaṃ cīnaṃ sovīraṃ suraṭṭhaṃ alasandaṃ kolapaṭṭanaṃ suvaṇṇabhūmiṃ gacchati aññampi yaṃ kiñci nāvāsañcaraṇaṃ; evameva kho, mahārāja, imehi terasahi dhutaguṇehi pubbe āsevitehi nisevitehi ciṇṇehi pariciṇṇehi caritehi upacaritehi paripūritehi kevalaṃ sāmaññaṃ paṭilabhati, tassādheyyā honti kevalā santā sukhā samāpattiyo.

Yathā, mahārāja, kassako paṭhamaṃ khettadosaṃ tiṇakaṭ­ṭha­pāsāṇaṃ apanetvā kasitvā vapitvā sammā udakaṃ pavesetvā rakkhitvā gopetvā lavana­madda­nena bahudhaññako hoti, tassādheyyā bhavanti ye keci adhanā kapaṇā daliddā duggatajanā; evameva kho, mahārāja, imehi terasahi dhutaguṇehi pubbe āsevitehi … pe … kevalā santā sukhā samāpattiyo.

Yathā vā pana, mahārāja, khattiyo muddhāvasitto abhijātakulīno chej­ja­bhej­ja­ja­na­manu­sā­sane issaro hoti vasavattī sāmiko icchākaraṇo, kevalā ca mahāpathavī tassādheyyā hoti; evameva kho, mahārāja, imehi terasahi dhutaguṇehi pubbe āsevitehi nisevitehi ciṇṇehi pariciṇṇehi caritehi upacaritehi paripūritehi jinasāsanavare issaro hoti vasavattī sāmiko icchākaraṇo, kevalā ca samaṇaguṇā tassādheyyā honti.

Nanu, mahārāja, thero upaseno vaṅgantaputto sal­lekha­dhuta­guṇe pari­pūra­kā­ri­tāya anādiyitvā sāvatthiyā saṃghassa katikaṃ sapariso nara­damma­sāra­thiṃ paṭi­sallā­na­gataṃ upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato pāde sirasā vanditvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi, bhagavā ca taṃ suvinītaṃ parisaṃ oloketvā haṭṭhatuṭṭho pamudito udaggo parisāya saddhiṃ sallāpaṃ sallapitvā asambhinnena brahmassarena etadavoca—‘pāsādikā kho pana tyāyaṃ, upasena, parisā, kathaṃ tvaṃ, upasena, parisaṃ vinesī’ti. Sopi sabbaññunā dasabalena devātidevena puṭṭho yathā­bhūta­sabhā­va­gu­ṇava­sena bhagavantaṃ etadavoca—

‘Yo koci maṃ, bhante, upasaṅkamitvā pabbajjaṃ vā nissayaṃ vā yācati, tamahaṃ evaṃ vadāmi “ahaṃ kho, āvuso, āraññiko piṇḍapātiko paṃsukūliko tecīvariko. Sace tvampi āraññiko bhavissasi piṇḍapātiko paṃsukūliko tecīvariko, evāhaṃ taṃ pabbājessāmi nissayaṃ dassāmī”ti, sace so me, bhante, paṭissuṇitvā nandati oramati, evāhaṃ taṃ pabbājemi nissayaṃ demi, sace na nandati na oramati, na taṃ pabbājemi, na nissayaṃ demi, evāhaṃ, bhante, parisaṃ vinemī’ti. Evaṃ kho, mahārāja, dhuta­gu­ṇava­rasamā­diṇṇo jinasāsanavare issaro hoti. Vasavattī sāmiko icchākaraṇo, tassādheyyā honti kevalā santā sukhā samāpattiyo.

Yathā, mahārāja, padumaṃ abhi­vuddha­pari­suddha­udic­cajātip­pabha­vaṃ siniddhaṃ mudu lobhanīyaṃ sugandhaṃ piyaṃ patthitaṃ pasatthaṃ jala­kadda­ma­manupa­littaṃ aṇupat­ta­kesa­ra­kaṇ­ṇikā­bhi­maṇ­ḍitaṃ bhama­ra­ga­ṇasevi­taṃ sītala­salila­saṃ­vad­dhaṃ; evameva kho, mahārāja, imehi terasahi dhutaguṇehi pubbe āsevitehi nisevitehi ciṇṇehi pariciṇṇehi caritehi upacaritehi paripūritehi ariyasāvako tiṃ­sa­gu­ṇava­rehi samupeto hoti.

Katamehi tiṃ­sa­gu­ṇava­rehi? Siniddha­mudu­madda­va­metta­citto hoti, ghāti­ta­hata­vihata­kileso hoti, hata­nihata­māna­dabbo hoti, acala­daḷha­niviṭṭha­nibbe­mati­ka­saddho hoti, pari­puṇṇa­pīṇita­pahaṭ­ṭha­lo­bhanī­ya­santa­su­kha­samā­patti­lābhī hoti, sīla­vara­pavara­asama­suci­gandha­pari­bhāvito hoti, devamanussānaṃ piyo hoti manāpo, khīṇā­sava­ariya­vara­pugga­la­patthito, devamanussānaṃ vanditapūjito, budhavi­budha­paṇ­ḍita­janānaṃ thuta­thavi­ta­thomita­pasat­tho, idha vā huraṃ vā lokena anupalitto, appa­thoka­vaj­jepi bhayadassāvī, vipula­vara­sam­patti­kā­mānaṃ ­magga­phala­va­rattha­sā­dhano, āyāci­ta­vipu­la­paṇī­ta­pac­ca­ya­bhāgī, aniketasayano, jhānaj­jhosi­tatappa­va­ravi­hārī, vijaṭi­ta­kilesa­jāla­vatthu, bhinna­bhagga­saṅku­ṭita­sañ­chin­na­gati­nīvaraṇo, akuppadhammo, abhinītavāso, anavajjabhogī, gativimutto, uttiṇ­ṇa­sab­bavici­kiccho, vimuttij­jho­sitat­tho, diṭṭhadhammo, acala­daḷha­bhīrut­tāṇa­mupagato, samuc­chin­nā­nusayo, sab­bāsa­vak­kha­yaṃ patto, santa­su­kha­samā­patti­vihāra­bahulo, sab­basama­ṇa­gu­ṇasa­mupeto, imehi tiṃ­sa­gu­ṇava­rehi samupeto hoti.

Nanu, mahārāja, thero sāriputto dasa­sahas­siloka­dhātuyā aggapuriso ṭhapetvā dasabalaṃ lokācariyaṃ, sopi apari­mita­masaṅ­khyey­yakappe samā­ci­ta­kusa­la­mūlo brāhma­ṇa­kula­kulīno manāpikaṃ kāmaratiṃ aneka­sata­saṅ­khaṃ dhanavarañca ohāya jinasāsane pabbajitvā imehi terasahi dhutaguṇehi kāyavacīcittaṃ damayitvā ajjetarahi ananta­guṇa­saman­nā­gato gotamassa bhagavato sāsanavare dhamma­cakka­manup­pa­vat­tako jāto. Bhāsitampetaṃ, mahārāja, bhagavatā devātidevena ekaṅgut­tarani­kāya­vara­lañchake—

‘Nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, aññaṃ ekapuggalampi samanupassāmi, yo evaṃ tathāgatena anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ sammadeva anuppavatteti, yathayidaṃ, bhikkhave, sāriputto, sāriputto, bhikkhave, tathāgatena anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ sammadeva anuppavattetī’”ti.

“Sādhu, bhante nāgasena, yaṃ kiñci navaṅgaṃ buddhavacanaṃ, yā ca lokuttarā kiriyā, yā ca loke adhi­gama­vipula­vara­sam­pattiyo, sabbaṃ taṃ terasasu dhutaguṇesu ­samo­dhāno­pagatan”ti.

Dhutaṅgapañho dutiyo.

Anumānavaggo catuttho.